I-excavator, abantu abaninzi bayibonile, kodwa i-excavatorapha auqhushululucngoku ikhethekileyo kakhulu.Inkulu kakhulu, ubude bayo buziimitha ezingama-23.5.Yintoni ingcamango?Kunokuthiwa ikufuphi nesona sidalwa sikhulu emhlabeni.Ubude bomnenga oluhlaza womelele kakhulu, kwaye unokomba ngaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-50 zamalahle nge-emele.Yonke imveliso kunye neteknoloji yale hunk emangalisayo yi-China.
Nge-2 ka-Epreli, i-China Mechanical Excavator ye-700-toni ye-hydraulic excavator yaqengqeleka ngempumelelo kumgca wokudityaniswa.Ubunzima bale ngxilimbela bulingana neemoto eziqhelekileyo ezingama-500, kwaye amandla adlula amatanki amabini oMlo we-99.Abantu abali-100 banokuma emeleni ngaxeshanye, yaye xa ibhakethi lisihla, kunokombiwa iitoni ezingaphezu kwama-50 zamalahle.
I-China Construction Machine's 700-toni yokwembiwa kolwelo olwenziwa ngoxinzelelo olukhulu olwenziwa ngamanzi ngoyena matshini mkhulu we-hydraulic excavator ophuhliswe yi-China.Kule mimandla yezixhobo eziphezulu, oomatshini baseTshayina baya kukhuphisana ubuso ngobuso neenkosi ezikumgangatho wehlabathi.
Akukona nje ukubonakala okude okukhangayo, kodwa "inkcazo" yalo "mntu omkhulu" inomdla ngakumbi.Ukusuka kumacandelo ukuya kwiinkqubo zokusebenza, inamalungelo awodwa omenzi azimeleyo angama-52, kokokuqala ukuba i-China iqonde usetyenziso olusembindini lwetekhnoloji engundoqo kwindawo yokwembiwa kwe-hydraulic enkulu kakhulu.I-China iye yaba lilizwe lesine kwihlabathi elinamandla okuphuhlisa kunye nokwenza ii-excavators ze-hydraulic ezinomthamo ongaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-700 emva kweJamani, iJapan kunye ne-United States, ukwaphula ukulawulwa kweempawu zangaphandle.
Ngokweemfuno zokuyila, le "ndoda enkulu" kufuneka iqinisekise ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-60,000 zexesha lokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo xa isebenza emgodini, kwaye ubuncinane iitoni ze-30,000 zezinto ezifunekayo kufuneka zigqwetywe yonke imihla.Ukufezekisa umgangatho onjalo, uyilo kunye neemfuno zokwenziwa kwe-excavator chassis ziphezulu kakhulu.Ukuba iinkampani zangaphandle zibonelela, kuya kuba yi-15 yezigidi zeeyuan.Ekubeni itekhnoloji engundoqo ilawulwa ziinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe ixesha elide, kufundiwe ukuba iinkampani zaseTshayina zifuna ukuphuhlisa kakhulu emva kweetoni zabembi, ababoneleli bangaphandle abafuni ukubonelela i-chassis yabo e-China konke konke.
Abasebenzi bethu be-R&D benza iingqondo zabo ukuba baphuhlise i-chassis bebodwa, kwaye kwathatha iminyaka emihlanu ukoyisa ingxaki ekugqibeleni, bezalisa isithuba kwi-R&D kunye nokwenziwa kwezinto zokwembiwa kwe-hydraulic ezinkulu eTshayina.
Ukongeza kumacandelo amakhulu anjenge "amavili amane kunye nebhanti enye", njengenxalenye ephambili, enye icandelo eliphambili elisetyenziswe kule 700-toni ye-hydraulic excavator, i-cylinder ye-hydraulic nayo iphuhliswe ngokuzimeleyo kwaye yenziwe kwilizwe lam.
Ukuba i-excavator ifaniswa nomntu, ngoko i-boom, intonga kunye nebhakethi ziingalo kunye nezandla ze-excavator, kwaye i-cylinder ye-hydraulic ilingana nezihlunu ezingalweni kunye nesandla somntu.Amandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-excavator kubaluleke kakhulu.Ubungakanani buxhomekeke kwi-cylinder ye-hydraulic.Uphuhliso oluyimpumelelo lwe-700-toni ye-hydraulic excavator hydraulic cylinder ayiphelelanga nje ngokuqhawula ngempumelelo i-monopoly, kodwa ngokukhawuleza yathoba ixabiso kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngokutsho kokungeniswa kwangaphambili kweetoni ezingama-700 zeesilinda, isethi idinga malunga ne-3 yezigidi zeeyuan, ngoku ukuba ukungenisa okucocekileyo, kuncitshiswe malunga ne-30%, malunga nezigidi ezi-2 ukuya kwi-2.1 yezigidi ze-yuan.
Iprojekthi eyomeleleyo yesiseko semizi-mveliso, enye yeeprojekthi ezintlanu ezinkulu zeMade in China 2025, ifuna ngokucacileyo ukuba ngo-2020, i-40% yamacandelo asisiseko kunye namacandelo kunye nezinto eziphambili ezisisiseko ziya kuqinisekiswa ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye imeko yokuxhomekeka kwabanye iya kuqinisekiswa ngokuzimeleyo. kancinci kancinci.Iinkqubo zokwenziwa eziphucukileyo zamacandelo angundoqo angundoqo, amacandelo kunye nemathiriyeli engundoqo engundoqo efuneka ngokungxamisekileyo kwizixhobo ze-aerospace, izixhobo zonxibelelwano, ukuvelisa umbane kunye nezixhobo zothumelo, oomatshini bokwakha, izixhobo zothutho lukaloliwe, izixhobo zasekhaya kunye namanye amashishini ziye zasasazwa zaza zasetyenziswa.
Ngo-2025, i-70% yamacandelo angundoqo angundoqo kunye nezixhobo eziphambili ezisisiseko ziya kuqinisekiswa ngokuzimeleyo, kunye ne-80 ye-iconic technologies ephezulu iya kukhuthazwa kwaye isetyenziswe, ezinye zazo ziya kufikelela kwinqanaba elihamba phambili lamazwe ngamazwe.
Abasebenzi bophando kunye nophuhliso loomatshini baseTshayina bakholelwa ngamxhelo mnye ukuba ukuba itekhnoloji engundoqo yoomatshini boshishino olunzima ifunyenwe kwamanye amazwe, ngokuqinisekileyo ayinakufunyanwa.Kufuneka siqonde le nto ingundoqo, ekufuneka yenziwe sithi kunye nophando oluzimeleyo kunye nophuhliso, ngoko siqala kwizinto eziphathekayo, kwaye imveliso kunye neteknoloji kufuneka iphuculwe.Iindawo eziphambili ze-excavatori-sprocket, i-carrier roller, ongenamsebenzi, Ubugcisa bokuvelisa umkhondo link assy, izihlangu zomkhondo,umkhondoiirola kunye nezinye iimveliso kufuneka zicocwe, kwaye ubugcisa bezi mveliso bufanele bugqwese.Ingaba ivela kwinkqubo yokuphosa okanye inkqubo yokuqulunqa, uphando olukhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokulandelela kufuneka zomelezwe.Uvavanyo lwezixhobo kunye nobugcisa aluyi kuthintelwa ngamazwe angaphandle de senze le mveliso.
Ukubekwa koomatshini bokwakha baseTshayina kukuhamba ukusuka kwinqanaba elisezantsi ukuya kwindawo ephezulu.Xa sifezekisa injongo ye-high-end, kufuneka siphule ingxaki yeteknoloji kwaye sifezekise ukutsha okuzimeleyo ukuze sifezekise iinjongo zethu.
Ubalo lubonisa ukuba ixesha elide kwixesha elidlulileyo, iindleko zokungeniswa kwezinto ezingundoqo ezifana neenjini, iinkqubo zothumelo, izakhi zehydraulic, kunye namacandelo olawulo ayebalelwa ngaphezu kwe-40% yeendleko zokuvelisa, kwaye phantse i-70% yenzuzo yoshishino. yathinjwa ngabatyali-zimali bamazwe angaphandle.Ishishini loomatshini bokwakha lijongene nesiseko esibuthathaka semizi-mveliso samacandelo aphezulu aphezulu, anokuthi achazwe "njengokubetha emqaleni".Nangona kunjalo, emva kwamashumi eminyaka yokuqokelela kunye nemigudu engapheliyo, le meko iyatshintsha.
Okwangoku, zonke iimveliso ezixhasayo ze-excavators zoomatshini kunye ne-bulldozers zithunyelwe kumazwe angama-158 kunye nemimandla yehlabathi, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-280 yee-arhente zaphesheya ziye zasekwa kwihlabathi jikelele.Kwi-2017, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemveliso ezinxulumene ne-excavator ecaleni kwe“Ibhanti kunye neNdlela”inyuke kakhulu, ngokunyuka kwe-51% kwi-Asia Ephakathi, i-119% e-Afrika, i-107% eNtshona Asia naseMntla Afrika, kunye ne-80% yokunyuka konyaka kwi-Asia Pacific.
China Machinery okuphumelela abathengi ngakumbi nangakumbi.Nanini na xa inkampani yaseTshayina isaphula imonopoly kwaye yoyise imodeli yezixhobo, ixabiso leshishini lilonke liyakwenza uhlengahlengiso olukhulu.
oomatshini Chinese ukuphumelela abathengi ngakumbi nangakumbi.Ngalo lonke ixesha iinkampani zaseTshayina ziqhekeza i-monopoly kwaye zoyise imodeli yezixhobo, kuya kubakho uhlengahlengiso olukhulu kwixabiso leshishini lonke.
Ushishino lwecrane yoomatshini bokwakha lunje.Ngethuba nje i-tonnage ingaveliswa e-China, ixabiso langaphandle liphezulu kakhulu.Xa sasingenazo iitoni ezingama-300, iikhreyini ezisuka kwamanye amazwe zithengise izigidi ezingama-23.Emva kokuba iitoni zethu ezingama-300 ziphumile, sathengisa izigidi ezili-13.Ngelo xesha, iicranes ezivela kwamanye amazwe zathengiswa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezili-15, izigidi ezingama-23 ukuya kwi-15 yezigidi, kunye nezigidi ezisi-8 zazingasekho.Ixabiso le-United States, iJamani okanye iJapan lehla ngokukhawuleza.
Enyanisweni, utyalo-mali koomatshini baseTshayina abasebenzi be-R & D kwinkalo yophando kunye nophuhliso luye lwanda ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye utyalo-mali lonyaka kuphando nophuhliso luzinzile ngaphezu kwe-5% yengeniso yokuthengisa.Okwangoku, umda wophando ugubungele ngaphezulu kweshumi elinesibini lemiba efana netekhnoloji ye-hydraulic, itekhnoloji yothumelo, itekhnoloji yolawulo olukrelekrele, itekhnoloji yomatshini opheleleyo, kunye netekhnoloji yoyilo lwamashishini.Nangona kunjalo, kusekho indlela ende ekufuneka ihanjwe ukuze oomatshini bokwakha baseTshayina bakhuphisane neempawu zamazwe ngamazwe ngendlela ejikelezayo.
Ishishini lokuvelisa laseTshayina ngoku lingumqobo ophambili kunye nendawo ephambili, oko kukuthi, umqobo ukusuka kokukhulu ukuya konamandla.Kufuneka sibe neengqondo zethu eziphilileyo, kwaye akufuneki sibe nethemba ngokumfamekileyo malunga nezinto esizizuzileyo kunye neziseko esithe sazifumana kwixesha elidlulileyo.Akufunekanga siwujongele phantsi umsantsa esinawo ngoku.Ngokubhekiselele kwi-innovation ezimeleyo, utyalo-mali kuphando kunye nophuhliso, kunye neempumelelo kwiiteknoloji ezingundoqo. Ukuqwalaselwa kwesiqingatha seyure: iteknoloji engundoqo ayinakuthengwa
NgoDisemba ka-2017, iinkokeli zaseTshayina zakhe zachaza ukuba ishishini lokuvelisa izixhobo liyintsika yeshishini lokuvelisa.Kuyimfuneko ukunyusa utyalo-mali, ukomeleza uphando kunye nophuhliso, kunye nokukhawulezisa uphuhliso, ukuzama ukuhlala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zehlabathi, kunye nokulawula ilungelo lokuthetha ngetekhnoloji, ukuze ilizwe lam libe lilizwe elikhulu kumashishini okuvelisa izixhobo zanamhlanje. ..Ukusungula izinto ezintsha ngumthombo wokhuphiswano olungundoqo lweshishini, kwaye uninzi lweetekhnoloji ezingundoqo azinakufunwa okanye zithengwe.
Imishini emikhulu yemigodi evulekileyo iyona nto ingundoqo "yentsimbi yesithsaba" yoshishino lwezixhobo eziphezulu, ezimele inqanaba eliphezulu lobugcisa kwishishini.Emva kweminyaka yokuyila izinto ezintsha ezingayekeleliyo, oomatshini bemigodi abavulelekileyo belizwe lam bafikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu lehlabathi.Ukuze wenze oomatshini bokwakha baseTshayina bathathe indawo ephakamileyo yehlabathi ngokubanzi kwaye balawule amandla entetho yobugcisa, kusafuneka senze iinzame ezinkulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-08-2022
