I-crawler hydraulic excavator ngumatshini ohambisa umhlaba osebenzisa ibhakethi ukumba izinto ezingaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwendawo yokuthwala kwaye uyilayishe kwisithuthi sokuthutha okanye uyikhuphe kwi-stockyard.Izinto ezigrunjiweyo zingumhlaba, amalahle, intlenga yentlenga, umhlaba kunye namatye emva kokukhululwa kwe-pr.
Xa sijonga kuphuhliso koomatshini bokwakha kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphuhliso lwee-excavators lukhawuleza.Njengenye yezona modeli zibalulekileyo zoomatshini bokwakha kulwakhiwo lobunjineli, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwee-excavators lubaluleke ngakumbi.Oomatshini abakhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimigodi kunye nolwakhiwo lwasezidolophini nasezilalini kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nobuchwepheshe obukhethekileyo.
Igama lesiTshayina: I-Crawler hydraulic excavator
Igama langaphandle: oomatshini bokwemba
Usetyenziso: imigodi kunye nolwakhiwo lwasezidolophini nasemaphandleni
Intshayelelo: Ukwemba nokuzalisa izinto nge-emele
Sele ingaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-130 ukusukela oko kwaphuma i-excavator ye-manual yokuqala.Ngeli xesha, ifumene uphuhliso oluthe ngcembe ukusuka kwi-emere ejikelezayo eqhutywa ngumphunga ukuya kwi-enjini eqhutywa ngumbane kunye ne-injini yangaphakathi eqhutywa yi-injini yokwemba izinto ezijikelezayo, kunye ne-excavators ye-hydraulic ezenzekelayo esebenzisa i-electroencephalographic.iteknoloji yokudibanisa.inkqubo.
Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha be-hydraulic, bekukho i-excavator exhonyiweyo exhotyiswe nge-hydraulic backhoe kwitrektara ngeminyaka yoo-1940.Ekuqaleni kunye naphakathi kwiminyaka yee-1950, i-azimuth elandelwayo ye-hydraulic excavator kunye ne-crawler epheleleyo ye-hydraulic excavator yaphuhliswa ngokulandelelana..
I-excavator yokuqala ye-hydraulic excavator eveliswa ngovavanyo ithatha iteknoloji ye-hydraulic yeenqwelo-moya kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini, ayinazo izinto ze-hydraulic ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ze-excavator, umgangatho wokuvelisa awuzinzile ngokwaneleyo, kwaye iindawo ezixhasayo azigqibekanga.
Ukususela ngo-1960, abembi be-hydraulic bangene kwinqanaba lokukhuthaza kunye nophuhliso olunamandla.Inani labenzi be-excavator kunye neentlobo kumazwe ahlukeneyo liye landa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imveliso iye yanda.
Ukususela kwi-1968 ukuya kwi-1970, imveliso ye-excavators ye-hydraulic yenza i-83% yemveliso epheleleyo ye-excavators, kwaye ngoku isondele kwi-100%.
I-excavator ekuqaleni yayiyi-manual, kwaye sele ingaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-130 ukususela ekuyilweni kwayo, kwaye ifumene iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba ezifana ne-steam drive, i-electric drive, kunye ne-injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi.
Emva kwe-1940, iteknoloji ye-hydraulic yasetyenziswa kwi-excavators, kwaye ngo-1950, i-crawler-type full-hydraulic excavators eziqhelekileyo namhlanje zaphuhliswa.
Iiparamitha ezintathu ezibalulekileyo ze-excavators: ubunzima besithuthi (ubunzima), amandla e-injini kunye nomthamo webhakethi.
Ngo-1951, i-backhoe yokuqala ye-hydraulic epheleleyo yasungulwa eMcClainumzi-mveliso waseFransi, ngaloo ndlela udala indawo entsha kwintsimi yophuhliso lobugcisa be-excavators.
bumba
Izakhiwo eziqhelekileyo zokumba i-excavator ziquka iiyunithi zamandla, izixhobo zokusebenza, iindlela zokubulala, iindlela zokuguqula, iindlela zokuhambisa, iindlela zokuhamba kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo.
Ukusuka kwimbonakalo, i-excavator yenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu: isixhobo esisebenzayo, i-turntable ephezulu kunye nesixhobo sokuhamba.
Ukuhlelwa
Oku kulandelayo luludwe lwee-excavators eziqhelekileyo:
Udidi 1: I-excavators eqhelekileyo yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezimbini: ii-excavators eziqhutywa yi-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi kunye ne-excavators eqhutywa ngombane.Phakathi kwabo, i-excavators yombane isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-plateau hypoxia, imigodi engaphantsi komhlaba kunye nezinye iindawo ezinokutsha kunye neziqhushumbisi.
Ulwahlulo lwesi-2: Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba, abenzi bomhlaba bangohlulwa babe ngabaqhubi be-crawler kunye ne-wheeled excavators.
Ulwahlulo lwe-3: Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zothumelo, i-excavators inokwahlulwa ibe yi-hydraulic excavators kunye ne-excavators mechanical.Abenzi bemigodi abangoomatshini basetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimigodi emikhulu.
Ulwahlulo 4: Ngokusetyenziswa, abembi bayakwazi ukwahlulahlulwa babe ngabagrumbi ngokubanzi, abembi bemigodi, abembi baselwandle, abembi abakhethekileyo kunye nezinye iindidi ezahlukeneyo.
Uninzi lwabembi banamhlanje bangama-azimuth asebenza ngokupheleleyo ngokugrumba.Caterpillar 385B Excavator
I-hydraulic excavators yenziwa ikakhulu yi-injini, inkqubo ye-hydraulic, isixhobo esisebenzayo, isixhobo sokuhamba kunye nolawulo lombane.Inkqubo ye-hydraulic iqukethe ipompo ye-hydraulic, i-valve yokulawula, i-cylinder ye-hydraulic, i-hydraulic motor, ipayipi, itanki yamafutha, njl.
Ngokwesakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, inokwahlulwa ibe:
Uhlobo lwe-Crawler, uhlobo lwetayara, uhlobo lokuhamba, i-hydraulic epheleleyo, i-semi-hydraulic, i-azimuth, i-non-azimuth, ngokubanzi, ekhethekileyo, i-articulated, i-telescopic boom kunye nezinye iintlobo.
Isixhobo esisebenzayo sisixhobo esigqibezela ngokuthe ngqo umsebenzi wokumba.Ixhomekeke kumacandelo amathathu: i-boom, intonga kunye ne-emele.Ukunyuswa kwe-Boom, ukwandiswa kwentonga kunye nokujikeleza kwebhakethi zilawulwa ngokubuyisela iisilinda ze-hydraulic ezisebenza kabini.
Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokwakha, i-excavators ye-hydraulic inokuxhotyiswa ngeentlobo zezixhobo zokusebenza, ezifana nokumba, ukuphakamisa, ukulayisha, ukulinganisa, i-clamps, i-bulldozing, izando zempembelelo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusebenza.
Isixhobo sokubulala kunye nokuhamba ngumzimba we-hydraulic excavator, kwaye inxalenye ephezulu ye-turntable inikwe isixhobo samandla kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa.I-injini ngumthombo wamandla we-excavator ye-hydraulic, uninzi lwayo lusebenzisa i-oyile ye-diesel kwindawo efanelekileyo, kwaye inokusebenzisa injini yombane endaweni yoko.
Inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwe-hydraulic idlulisela amandla e-injini kwi-injini ye-hydraulic, i-cylinder ye-hydraulic kunye nezinye i-actuator ngepompo ye-hydraulic, kwaye ityhale isixhobo esisebenzayo ukuba sihambe, ngaloo ndlela sigqibezela imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-29-2022
