Ubume bophuhliso loyilo lwekhariji yohlobo lokuhamba ngeenyawo ekhaya naphesheya

1.2.1 UPhando noPhuhliso kumazwe angaphandle

Indima ye-undercarriage kukuxhasa kunye nokufakela i-injini kunye namacandelo ayo ukwenza ubume besithuthi ngokubanzi, kunye nokuhambisa amandla okwenza isithuthi sihambe kwaye siqinisekise ukuqhuba okuqhelekileyo.

Kumazwe angaphandle, uphuhliso lwe-crawler-type walk undercarriage yayingaphambili.Kwango-1986, i-WCEvans kunye ne-DSGove bagqibezela uphando malunga nokusebenza kokutsalwa komzila werabha kunye netrektara eqhuba ngamavili amane kumhlaba oqinileyo nomhlaba olinyiweyo.Ngaphantsi kwesakhiwo esifanayo sekhareji yangaphantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsala kwerabha yokurhubuluza kuphezulu kunoko kutsalwa okuguquguqukayo.Obona buchule buphezulu bokutsala ngama-85% ukuya kuma-90% kumhlaba olinyiweyo nakumhlaba oqinileyo, kunye nama-70% ukuya kuma-85% kwiitrektara eziqhuba ngamavili amane.Ukusukela ngoko, kukho uphando oluninzi kwiimvavanyo zentsebenzo yeetrektara zerabha kunye neetrektara ezine-wheel drive, ezifana novavanyo lwentsebenzo yeetrektara zerabha kunye neetrektara zokuqhuba ngamavili amane kwiindidi ezine zomhlaba (ongalunywanga, orakiweyo, olinyiweyo iothi). iindiza neendiza zombona).Ubudlelwane phakathi kokusebenza kokutsala (i-dynamic traction ratio, i-traction coefficient kunye ne-slip rate), njl.

Ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso lwemarike, iitrektara ezirhubuluzayo eziveliswe kumazwe angaphandle zinokhuphiswano olomeleleyo ngokwenqanaba lobugcisa kunye nomthamo wemveliso.Umntu okhuphisana namazwe ngamazwe kwiitrektara ezirhubuluzayo yiCaterpillar's line yerubber crawler tractor.Iimveliso ze-YTO azikhuphisani ngokwenqanaba lobugcisa okanye amandla okuvelisa, kuphela ixabiso elikhangayo, kodwa ukusuka kuhlalutyo lomlinganiselo wexabiso lentsebenzo, iimveliso ze-YTO zisephantsi.Ke ngoko, isizukulwana esitsha senkampani yeetrektara zokukhwela irabha ezinamandla aphezulu ziya kufakwa emarikeni kwakamsinyane, ukuze kudityaniswe imarike yemveli kwaye kunikeze umdlalo kukhuphiswano.

1.2.2 Uphando lwasekhaya nophuhliso

ilizwe lam linembali emfutshane yokuvelisa i-crawler undercarriage, elingana ngokusisiseko nophuhliso lweekhreyini.Xa kuthelekiswa namazwe ahambele phambili ehlabathini, i-undercarriage ye-crawler yasekhaya inomxholo ophantsi wobugcisa kunye neqondo eliphantsi lokulandelelana, kwaye kusekho umsantsa othile kwimveliso kunye noyilo.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lweekhreyini zasekhaya ezikhasayo lwazise amathuba ophuhliso lwe-crawler undercarriage, kwaye uthotho luye lwaphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo.

Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20, ezinye iidyunivesiti zasekhaya, amaziko ophando kunye namashishini enze uphando oluthile malunga neenqwelo zerabha ezilandelwayo, ezifana ne: China Agricultural Mechanisation Research Institute kunye neNanjing Agricultural Mechanisation Research Institute kumkhondo werabha wokuvuna irayisi, Qingdao Institute of Architecture kunye Ubunjineli Uphando lovavanyo kuxinzelelo lwasemhlabeni lwamazinyo asezantsi omzila werabha, uphando kwitrekta yerabha yerabha eyenziwe yiChina YTO Group Co., Ltd. kunye nophando kumzila werabha yiHangzhou Yonggu Rubber Factory, njl. Okulandelayo kukwazisa ikakhulu ngophando lweetrektara zomzila werabha.Ngo-1994, i-China YTO Group Co., Ltd. yenze uvavanyo lokuthelekisa isebenzisa isikhandi sesinyithi kunye nesirhubuluzi serabha kwitrektara erhuqayo enomlinganiselo wokutsala we-3 t, kwaye uvavanyo lwenziwa kumhlaba welahleko enzima.Kwangaxeshanye, i-undercarriage efanelekileyo nayo iye yaphuhliswa kwinqanaba elithile.Ukusukela ngoko, i-YTO iye yenze uvavanyo lokusebenzisa iitrektara kunye neebhuldoza zisebenzisa iingoma zerabha.Ubukhulu becala luvavanyo lokumelana nokunxiba kwerabha, uvavanyo lwe-derailment lwengoma yerabha, uvavanyo lobomi bomkhondo werabha, uvavanyo lokuthembeka komkhondo werabha kunye nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo, uvavanyo lokukhulisa umkhondo werabha kunye nomsebenzi jikelele. uqinisekiso.

Iitrektara zeCrawler kunye neemveliso ezikhubazekileyo kwimarike yasekhaya zisalawulwa ziimveliso zeYTO.Ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ezinjalo kukwimo yokuguquguquka ngenxa yempembelelo yemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe ye-macroeconomic.Nokuba njengoomatshini bokwakha, ukutsala okanye amandla okuqhuba umsebenzi wasefama, okanye njengekhareji yangaphantsi yokuhamba koomatshini bezolimo, imisebenzi yayo ayinakutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo ziitrektara ezinamavili.Nangona kunjalo, ichatshazelwa yimigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe kunye nophuhliso lweetrektara ezinamavili anamandla amakhulu, kuya kuba kwimeko yokungenzi nto kukhuphiswano lwemarike ekuhambeni kwexesha.Ngelizwi, isikhokelo sophuhliso lwekhareji yangaphantsi ehambelana nomkhandi, njengesixhobo esisebenzayo soomatshini abanxulumeneyo, ibisoloko ijikeleza uphuhliso lokhuseleko nokuthembeka, intuthuzelo yokusebenza, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla.Kule nkalo, iinzame zasekhaya nezangaphandle bezisoloko ziphucuka.